Cellular V2X (C-V2X) Architecture, Direct PC5 Sidelink & 5G NR Evolution

CellV2X explores 3GPP cellular vehicle communications—benchmarking Release 14/15 LTE-V2X and Release 16/17 5G NR sidelink across direct PC5 and wide-area cellular network Uu interfaces.

C-V2X Dual-Mode Dual-Interface Protocol Architecture V2X Architecture

Central Controller: 3GPP C-V2X Modem — Dual-RAT LTE-V2X and 5G NR sidelink

Cooperative ITS Nodes & Sidelink Mesh

3GPP C-V2X Modem
PC5 Mode 4 / Mode 2
5G Uu Base Station (gNodeB)
ITS Stack (J2735 / ETSI)
IEEE 1609.2 HSM Root

Cellular V2X (C-V2X) Architecture, Direct PC5 Sidelink & 5G NR Evolution

CellV2X explores 3GPP cellular vehicle communications—benchmarking Release 14/15 LTE-V2X and Release 16/17 5G NR sidelink across direct PC5 and wide-area cellular network Uu interfaces.

Core Engineering Areas

Autonomous Resource Allocation: Mode 4 & Mode 2 — Sensing-based semi-persistent scheduling (SPS) allowing direct vehicle communication with zero cellular network coverage.
5G NR Rel-16 Sidelink Enhancements — Unicast, groupcast, and broadcast transmission with physical layer HARQ feedback and adaptive subcarrier spacing.
PC5 and Uu Hybrid Dual-Mode Operations — Using wide-area 5G Uu for high-throughput map streaming while reserving dedicated PC5 for mission-critical tactile safety.

Technical Articles

Related Cluster Architecture Specifications

AutomotiveV2X — Connected Vehicle-to-Everything & Cooperative ITS Architecture
CellularV2X — 3GPP C-V2X Architecture, PC5 Direct Sidelink & Cellular Uu Infrastructure
NRV2X — 5G NR V2X Sidelink, Sub-Millisecond Latency & High-Rate Sensor Sharing
ISACV2X — Integrated Sensing and Communication (ISAC) for Automotive V2X